Causal Analysis:
One Effect With Multiple Causes

Using three causes for the one effect is arbitrary.
You may have more or fewer causes in a real situation.
Cause #1:

How?

Why?
Effect

Cause #2:

How?

Why?

Cause #3:

How?

Why?


To help illustrate how one effect can have multiple causes, let's assume that you are writing your paper about getting a 4.0 on a paper.

Effect:

  • I received a 4.0 on my paper.

Causes:

  • Worked with a reference librarian.
  • Wrote Paper Early
  • Visited a Writing Fellow

Graphic Illustration:


Graphic Illustration
Getting a 4.0
Cause #1:
Worked with a reference librarian



By working with a reference librarian, I learned about a variety of resources"”other than the Internet"”that were available. I also learned how to determine the quality of information on the Internet. As a result, I was able to find quality references for my paper.

Effect:
I earned a 4.0 on my paper.

Cause #2:
I drafted my paper early.



Because I did not wait until the last minute to write my paper, I had time to revise and edit it.

Cause #3:
I visited a Writing Fellow.



By visiting a Writing Fellow, I received good advice on how to improve my paper.



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